Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society ISSN:1598-6411(Print) 2508-3562(Online) 한국태양에너지학회 논문집

Many studies have been conducted to improve indoor environments using kinetic façades that move in response to changes in the external environment. However, existing studies are limited to analyzing indoor environments at specific times; consequently, fully understanding indoor environments that change in real time is difficult. Among these, studies that simultaneously analyzed indoor lighting and ventilation are relatively insufficient. Herein, we proposed a real-time integrated control system for kinetic façades and natural ventilation systems that satisfied appropriate standards of lighting and ventilation in response to continuous environmental changes. The proposed system used external hexagonal panels and internal windows to control the indoor lighting and ventilation. Real-time proportional-integral-derivative control, according to internal and external environmental changes, was implemented in Grasshopper, and Ladybug simulation was used to evaluate indoor lighting, natural ventilation, and energy analysis according to the control. The analysis showed that satisfying 56% and 80% of the target illuminance range for summer and winter occupancy times, respectively, was possible with natural light through kinetic façade control. Additionally, internal window control provided the required airflow for natural ventilation and reduced the power of the ventilation fan. The application of the integrated control system saved approximately 9% energy consumption in summer and increased approximately 6% energy consumption in the winter. The proposed kinetic façade and natural ventilation system can assist in providing improved indoor comfort.