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2025 Vol.45, Issue 2 Preview Page

Research Article

Numerical Simulation-Based Analysis of Fire Spread Performance in BIPV Cladding Systems

시뮬레이션을 통한 BIPV 클래딩 시스템의 화재 확산 성능 분석

Subin Jeong1
,
Jinhee Kim2
,
Juntae Kim3*
정 수빈1
,
김 진희2
,
김 준태3*
1Ph.D. Student, Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Kongju National University
2Research Professor, Green Energy Technology Research Center, Kongju National University
3Professor, Department of Green Smart Architectural Engineering/Department of Energy Systems Engineering (Graduate School), Kongju National University
1국립공주대학교 에너지시스템공학과(대학원), 박사과정
2국립공주대학교 그린에너지기술연구소, 연구교수
3국립공주대학교 그린스마트건축공학과/에너지시스템공학과(대학원), 교수
*Corresponding Author
30 April 2025. pp. 83-96
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Abstract

The cavity behind photovoltaic (PV) modules can act as a conduit for flame and smoke in the event of a fire in a building-integrated PV (BIPV)-clad building. This is particularly problematic in vertically installed systems, where the stack effect accelerates the spread of fire and smoke. Fire-resistant structures are required to address these issues. However, conventional fire-resistance methods, such as filling the PV cavity with noncombustible materials, increases module temperatures and reduces electrical power generation. To overcome this challenge, a structural design is required that facilitates ventilation during normal operation while also providing fire resistance in case of a fire. We designed a structure featuring glass wool insulation and fire dampers placed in the rear cavity of a BIPV module. Simulation analyses were conducted to evaluate the fire spread performance of the proposed design with the integrated fire-resistant structure. The effectiveness of the fire-resistant model was compared with that of a basic model without a fire-resistant structure. The results revealed differences in the fire behavior between the models, particularly regarding the maximum temperature and the time required to reach it. The fire-resistant model more effectively reduced temperatures than the basic model, with external and Internal side of main wall and side wall temperatures that were 47, 255, and 402℃ lower, respectively. Furthermore, the time required to reach the maximum temperature was delayed by 459, 491, and 222 s in these areas, respectively. Also, the basic model failed and the fire-resistant model successfully met the fire safety standards.

Keywords
Fire spread performance
Building integrated photovoltaic
Fire resistant structure
Numerical analysis
Fire dynamics simulator
키워드
화재 확산 성능
건물일체형태양광
화재 확산 방지구조
수치해석
화재역학시뮬레이터
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Solar Energy Society
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국태양에너지학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국태양에너지학회 논문집
  • Volume : 45
  • No :2
  • Pages :83-96
  • Received Date : 2025-03-21
  • Revised Date : 2025-04-04
  • Accepted Date : 2025-04-07
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7836/kses.2025.45.2.083
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